能(neng)源(yuan)重(zhong)點(dian)領域大(da)(da)規(gui)模設(she)備更(geng)新實施(shi)方(fang)案(an)能(neng)源(yuan)是經(jing)濟社會發展(zhan)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)物質基(ji)礎和(he)動力(li)(li)源(yuan)泉,推(tui)(tui)動能(neng)源(yuan)重(zhong)點(dian)領域大(da)(da)規(gui)模設(she)備更(geng)新是更(geng)好統籌高質量(liang)發展(zhan)和(he)高水(shui)平安全的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)舉措。為(wei)深入貫徹黨中央決(jue)策部署,落實國務(wu)院《推(tui)(tui)動大(da)(da)規(gui)模設(she)備更(geng)新和(he)消費品以舊換(huan)新行動方(fang)案(an)》有關要(yao)求,推(tui)(tui)動能(neng)源(yuan)重(zhong)點(dian)領域大(da)(da)規(gui)模設(she)備更(geng)新和(he)技術改造,支撐建設(she)新型能(neng)源(yuan)體系,助力(li)(li)實現碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和(he)目(mu)標,制定本方(fang)案(an)。
一、總體要(yao)求(qiu)
以習(xi)近(jin)平新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時(shi)代中國(guo)特色社會主義思想為指(zhi)導,深入貫徹黨的二(er)十(shi)大精神,按照中央經濟工作會議(yi)和中央財經委員會第(di)四次會議(yi)部(bu)署(shu),統(tong)籌擴(kuo)大內需和深化(hua)供(gong)給側(ce)結構性改(gai)革,統(tong)籌高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)和高(gao)水(shui)平安(an)全,實(shi)施(shi)(shi)發輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)領(ling)域設(she)備更(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和技術改(gai)造(zao)(zao)行動(dong)(dong),實(shi)施(shi)(shi)風(feng)電(dian)光伏設(she)備更(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和高(gao)效回收(shou)利用行動(dong)(dong),實(shi)施(shi)(shi)標準提(ti)升行動(dong)(dong),加快(kuai)構建清潔低碳安(an)全高(gao)效的能(neng)源(yuan)體系,培(pei)育和發展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產力。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)市場為主、統(tong)籌聯動(dong)(dong),堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)先立后(hou)破、穩步推進(jin),堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)鼓(gu)勵(li)先進(jin)、淘汰落后(hou),堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)標準引領(ling)、有序提(ti)升。到2027 年,能(neng)源(yuan)重點領(ling)域設(she)備投資規模較 2023 年增長25%以上(shang),重點推動(dong)(dong)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)煤(mei)電(dian)機(ji)組節能(neng)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)、供(gong)熱改(gai)造(zao)(zao)和靈活性改(gai)造(zao)(zao)“三改(gai)聯動(dong)(dong)”,輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)、風(feng)電(dian)、光伏、水(shui)電(dian)等(deng)領(ling)域實(shi)現設(she)備更(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和技術改(gai)造(zao)(zao)。
二、重點任務
(一)推進(jin)(jin)火(huo)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)更新和技術改造持續推動(dong)(dong)節能改造、供熱改造和靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)改造“三(san)改聯動(dong)(dong)”,進(jin)(jin)一步降低煤(mei)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)組能耗,提升機(ji)(ji)組靈(ling)活(huo)調節能力。推動(dong)(dong)燃(ran)煤(mei)耦合(he)生物質(zhi)發電(dian)技術示(shi)范應用,支撐(cheng)煤(mei)電(dian)低碳化發展。統(tong)籌(chou)優化存量機(ji)(ji)組結構(gou),淘汰(tai)關停一批(pi)(pi)落(luo)后煤(mei)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)組,將一批(pi)(pi)符(fu)合(he)條(tiao)件的(de)關停機(ji)(ji)組轉為(wei)應急備(bei)用電(dian)源。因地制宜對位(wei)于城市建成區存在“退城進(jin)(jin)郊”異地搬遷需(xu)求的(de)煤(mei)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)組適當放寬淘汰(tai)關停的(de)服役要求。以機(ji)(ji)組安全性(xing)、可靠(kao)性(xing)為(wei)基礎,大力推進(jin)(jin)設(she)備(bei)安全更新改造。加(jia)快(kuai)火(huo)電(dian)數字化設(she)計建造和智(zhi)能化升級,建設(she)智(zhi)能感知、智(zhi)能診斷(duan)、智(zhi)能控(kong)制、智(zhi)慧(hui)運行的(de)智(zhi)能電(dian)廠。
(二)推進輸(shu)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)更新和(he)(he)(he)(he)技(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)鼓勵開(kai)展老舊變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站和(he)(he)(he)(he)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)整體改(gai)造(zao),加快(kuai)更新運行(xing)年限較長、不(bu)滿足運行(xing)要求的變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)關、無功補償(chang)、保護測控(kong)等設(she)(she)備(bei),提(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運行(xing)安全能力。重(zhong)點(dian)推動高(gao)海拔(ba)、高(gao)地震烈度、重(zhong)覆冰(bing)、高(gao)寒地區(qu)、臺風(feng)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)區(qu)、內(nei)(nei)澇頻(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)區(qu)、山火(huo)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)地區(qu)輸(shu)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)改(gai)造(zao)更新,提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)設(she)(she)備(bei)防災抗災能力。適度超前建設(she)(she)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang),提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)承載力,滿足分布式新能源和(he)(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充電(dian)(dian)(dian)基礎設(she)(she)施發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展。重(zhong)點(dian)推進老舊小區(qu)配變容(rong)量提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)線(xian)路(lu)、智能電(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)改(gai)造(zao)。發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮中央預算(suan)內(nei)(nei)投資引導(dao)帶動作用,積極推進農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)鞏固提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)工程。推動柔性直流輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、交直流混聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)、低頻(pin)(pin)(pin)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、智能調(diao)度等先進技(ji)術研發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)應用,加快(kuai)推進電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)數字(zi)化(hua)智能化(hua)升(sheng)(sheng)級改(gai)造(zao),加快(kuai)新一代集控(kong)站建設(she)(she),提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)控(kong)制和(he)(he)(he)(he)故障診斷(duan)能力。
(三)推進(jin)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)更新和(he)循環利用按照(zhao)《風(feng)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)改造升(sheng)級和(he)退(tui)役管(guan)理辦法(fa)》的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)并(bing)網運行(xing)超(chao)過(guo) 15 年(nian)或單(dan)臺機(ji)組容量小(xiao)于(yu) 1.5 兆(zhao)瓦的(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)開展改造升(sheng)級。鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)單(dan)機(ji)容量大(da)、技術(shu)(shu)先進(jin)的(de)行(xing)業(ye)主流(liu)機(ji)型替代原有(you)小(xiao)容量風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組,支持(chi)綠色低碳材料、新型高塔(ta)技術(shu)(shu)、節(jie)地(di)型技術(shu)(shu)、高效率及智能化(hua)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組應用,提(ti)(ti)高單(dan)位土地(di)面積的(de)發電(dian)(dian)量,提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)設(she)備(bei)(bei)設(she)施修舊利廢(fei)水平,實現風(feng)能、土地(di)和(he)電(dian)(dian)網資源提(ti)(ti)質增效。推動建(jian)立(li)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)改造升(sheng)級和(he)退(tui)役項目全過(guo)程信息監(jian)測。鼓(gu)(gu)勵(li)發電(dian)(dian)企業(ye)、設(she)備(bei)(bei)制(zhi)造企業(ye)、科研機(ji)構開展新技術(shu)(shu)、新標準和(he)新場(chang)景(jing)研究(jiu),建(jian)立(li)健全風(feng)電(dian)(dian)循環利用產業(ye)鏈體系,培育和(he)壯大(da)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)產業(ye)循環利用新業(ye)態。
(四)推(tui)(tui)進光伏(fu)設(she)備(bei)更新和(he)循環(huan)利(li)用(yong)支持(chi)光伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)構網(wang)型改造,通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術、數字化技術、智(zhi)慧化技術綜合提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率和(he)系統(tong)支撐(cheng)能力(li)。推(tui)(tui)動老舊光伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)光伏(fu)設(she)備(bei)殘余壽(shou)命(ming)評估技術研(yan)(yan)發(fa),鼓勵(li)通(tong)過高(gao)效光伏(fu)組件、逆(ni)變器等關(guan)鍵發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)更新,合理(li)優化光伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)開發(fa)建(jian)設(she)布(bu)局和(he)規模,提升光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)單位面積能量(liang)密(mi)度(du)和(he)光伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)土地(di)使用(yong)效率,提高(gao)光伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力(li)。推(tui)(tui)進光伏(fu)組件回收處理(li)與再利(li)用(yong)技術發(fa)展,支持(chi)基于物理(li)法和(he)化學法的光伏(fu)組件低成(cheng)本綠(lv)色拆解、高(gao)價值組分(fen)高(gao)效環(huan)保(bao)分(fen)離技術和(he)成(cheng)套(tao)裝(zhuang)備(bei)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)。
(五)穩妥推進(jin)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)設備(bei)更(geng)新(xin)改造研究(jiu)提(ti)升(sheng)水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)靈(ling)活性、寬負荷運行能力,開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)資(zi)源潛力挖掘,提(ti)升(sheng)老舊機(ji)組(zu)運行效率,增加機(ji)組(zu)穩定運行能力,更(geng) 好適應新(xin)型電(dian)力系(xi)統運行需(xu)要。針對(dui)電(dian)力系(xi)統有(you)需(xu)求、電(dian)站有(you)條件、要素有(you)保障的水(shui)(shui)電(dian)項(xiang)目,研究(jiu)推進(jin)機(ji)組(zu)更(geng)新(xin)改造。推動流域水(shui)(shui)電(dian)集控建設,開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)智慧水(shui)(shui)電(dian)相(xiang)關(guan)技術(shu)研究(jiu),逐步(bu)推動設備(bei)及產品智慧運營。
(六(liu))推進(jin)清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖(nuan)設備更(geng)(geng)新改造(zao)鼓(gu)勵北方(fang)(fang)地(di)區各省(sheng)份結合清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖(nuan)設備運行情(qing)況,將清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖(nuan)設備納(na)入(ru)大規模設備更(geng)(geng)新和消費品以舊換新行動方(fang)(fang)案(an),加大地(di)方(fang)(fang)財(cai)政(zheng)、金融等(deng)政(zheng)策(ce)支持(chi)力度。對(dui)質保(bao)到期(qi)的(de)清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖(nuan)設備開展更(geng)(geng)新改造(zao),支持(chi)安全高(gao)效、先(xian)進(jin)可(ke)靠的(de)清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖(nuan)技(ji)術發展,因(yin)地(di)制宜對(dui)清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)取(qu)(qu)暖(nuan)技(ji)術路線(xian)進(jin)行優化升(sheng)級(ji),保(bao)障設備更(geng)(geng)新后長期(qi)可(ke)持(chi)續運轉,確保(bao)群眾“用(yong)得起、用(yong)得好”。
(七)以標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)提(ti)升促進設備(bei)更新(xin)和(he)技術(shu)改(gai)造(zao)統籌(chou)推(tui)進燃(ran)煤發電機組能(neng)(neng)耗限額、大(da)中型火力發電廠(chang)設計等標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)修訂,推(tui)動(dong)建(jian)(jian)設節能(neng)(neng)環保、靈活(huo)高(gao)效的(de)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)煤電機組。加(jia)快車網互動(dong)、大(da)功(gong)率(lv)充電等方向的(de)技術(shu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)制定與應用,加(jia)大(da)低(di)效、失效充電樁淘汰與更新(xin)改(gai)造(zao)力度(du),促進產(chan)業(ye)提(ti)質(zhi)升級。建(jian)(jian)立健全充電基礎設施、新(xin)型儲能(neng)(neng)、氫能(neng)(neng)、電力裝(zhuang)備(bei)等領域標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體系,加(jia)強能(neng)(neng)源行業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)供給和(he)升級,提(ti)高(gao)設備(bei)效率(lv)和(he)可靠性。
三、保障措施(shi)
(一)加(jia)大財(cai)稅(shui)金(jin)融(rong)等政(zheng)策(ce)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)力度。加(jia)大能源重點(dian)領域設備(bei)更(geng)(geng)新和(he)技術改造(zao)資金(jin)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)力度,強化銀企對接,引導金(jin)融(rong)機構(gou)加(jia)強對設備(bei)更(geng)(geng)新和(he)技術改造(zao)的支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi),用好再貸款、財(cai)政(zheng)貼(tie)息等支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)政(zheng)策(ce), 擴大制造(zao)業中長期貸款投(tou)放(fang)。
(二)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)要素(su)(su)保(bao)障。鼓勵地方加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)企業技(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)項目要素(su)(su)資(zi)源(yuan)保(bao)障,將技(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)項目涉及用地、用能等納入優先保(bao)障范圍,對(dui)不新增(zeng)土(tu)地、以設(she)備更新為主的技(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)項目,簡化(hua)前(qian)期審批手續。
(三)強化創新(xin)支撐。聚(ju)焦重(zhong)大技(ji)術裝備(bei)“卡脖(bo)子(zi)”難(nan)題,積極(ji)(ji)開展重(zhong)大技(ji)術裝備(bei)科技(ji)攻關。完善“揭榜掛帥”“賽(sai)馬”和(he)能源領域首臺(套)示范應用(yong)(yong)等(deng)機(ji)制,加快創新(xin)成(cheng)果產(chan)業化應用(yong)(yong)。積極(ji)(ji)利用(yong)(yong)國家(jia)重(zhong)點研發計(ji)劃等(deng)科技(ji)專項支持能源重(zhong)點領域設(she)備(bei)更新(xin)和(he)技(ji)術改造。